STANDARDIZATION OF HORMONE AND VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy.
Standards for Foodproducts.

Monitoring programs: data obtained from the Annual Report of the Institute of Veterinary Inspection (Belgium) for 2000.

 

Monitoring Programs 2000

 

1. Hormonal residues

 

1.1. Targeted research* at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

1293

Urine

Fat

Faeces

Hair

Meat

495

374

379

4

41

0

0

2

0

0

Calf

156 (IEV)

Urine

Fat

Faeces

63

36

55

0

0

0

Calf

195 (BCV)

Urine

Fat

Faeces

44

115

36

0

0

0

Pigs

486

Urine

Fat

Faeces

212

141

133

0

0

0

Horses

14

Fat

14

0
Sheep
5
Fat
5
0
* in the targeted research, carcasses are chosen according to the Directive 96/23/EC and the Decision 98/179/CE and not confiscated. A positive analysis involves sanctions against the farmer.

 

Hormonal residues: products found

Products

Cattle

16 OH Stanazolol

2

 

1.2. Research on suspect animals* at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

1384

Urine

Fat

Faeces

Injection site

Liver

488

591

148

80

77

0

0

0

0

0

Calf

98

Urine

Fat

Injection site

Liver

50

43

1

4

0

0

0

0
* Suspected carcasses are analysed and confiscated awaiting the result of the analysis. A positive analysis involves sanctions against the farmer.

 

Evolution

Year

Amount

Positives

% positives

1988

4164

484

12

1989

2874

469

16

1990

3120

934

30

1991

5719

686

12

1992

4497

490

11

1993

3065

230

7.5

1994

3003

309

10.3

1995

5196

161

3.1

1996

5574

208

3.7

1997
4092
35
0.9

1998
2734
22
0.8

1999
1475
12
0.8

2000
1482
0
0.0

 

2. ß-Agonists or Corticosteroids residues

 

2.1. Targeted research of ß-agonists at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

734

Liver

Meat

626

106

0

0

Calf

94 (IEV)

Liver

94

0

Calf

324 (BCV)

Urine

Liver

Faeces

50

246

28

0

0

0

Pigs

1830

Liver

Meat

1527

303

0

0

Sheep

918

Liver

9

0
Horse
20
Liver
20
0

2.2. Targeted research of corticosteroids at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

613

Liver

613

10
Calf
94 (IEV)
Liver
94
0

Calf

110 (BCV)

Urine

Liver

Faeces

20

46

44

0

0

0

Pigs

452

Liver

452

0

 

Residues: products found

Products

Cattle
Calf

Dexamethasone

7
1

Betamethasone
2

Isoflupredone
1

 

3. Anti-Hormonal residues

 

3.1. Targeted research at slaughterhouses:

Species

Amount

Positives

Cattle

174

0

Calf

30 (IEV)

0

Calf

76 (BCV)

0

Pigs

123

0

Sheep
1
0

Horse
1
0

 

4. Non-Hormonal residues

 

4.1. Random research at slaugtherhouses:

 

4.1.1. Antibiotics:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Positives

Positives %

Cattle

500

Kidney

3

0.6

Calf

1017

Kidney

6

0.6

Pigs

2880

Kidney

13

0.5

Sheep

32

Kidney

0

0.0
Horses
20
Kidney
0
0.0

Evolution

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

7.3 %

15.3 %

15.3 %

2.0 %

2.4 %
1.9 %
2.0 %
0.5 %
0.5 %

4.1.2. Sulfonamides:

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

Samples

302

301

301

288

299
102
102
100
103

Positives

4

5

7

9

1
0
0
0
0

4.1.3.1. Chloramphenicol:

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

Samples

4782

2351

302

279

303
235
225
225
245

Positives

12

0

1

11

1
0
0
0
0

4.1.3.2. Florphenicol-Thiamphenicol:
1998
1999
2000

Samples
225
225
245

Positives
1
0
0

4.1.4. Oxfendazole-Fenbendazole-Ivermectine:

1995

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

Samples

99

99
242
235
150
187

Positives

0

0
0
0
0
0

4.1.5. Tranquillizers:
Cattle
Calf
Pigs
Samples
Positive
Samples
Positive
Samples
Positive

Chlorpromazine
102
0
25
0
414
0

Acetylpromazine
102
1
25
0
414
8

Azaperone/Azaperol
102
1
25
0
414
18

Carazolol
102
0
25
0
141
6

 

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

Samples

100

100

300

288

301
341
425
226
541

Positives

2

6

6

17

9
25
45
5
29

Positives %
2.0
6.0
2.0
5.9
3.0
7.3
10.6
2.2
5.4

4.1.6. Phenylbutazone:

No sample was positive on a total of 52 analysed samples.

 

4.1.7. Acetylsalicylacide:

5 samples were positive on a total of 225 analysed samples. These positive samples were from cattles.

 

4.1.8. Nitrofuranes:

No sample was positive on a total of 225 analysed samples.

 

4.1.9. Dimetridazole - Ronidazole:

No sample was positive on a total of 90 analysed samples.

 

4.2. Targeted control at slaughterhouses:

 

4.2.1. Antibiotics:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Positives

Positives

Cattle

4401

Kidney

193

4.4 %

Calf

911

Kidney

31

3.4 %

Pigs

11288

Kidney

42

0.4 %

Sheep

1

Kidney

0

0.0 %

Horses

90

Kidney

6

6.7 %

Evolution

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

4.7 %

4.2 %

4.2 %

5.1 %

6.2 %
6.7 %
4.0 %
2.3 %
1.6 %

4.2.2. Tranquillizers:

18 samples (pigs) were positive on a total of 69 analysed samples (26 %).
Positives

Carazolol
5

Acetylpromazine
1

Azaperone/Azaperol
14

3 samples (cattle) were positive on a total of 6 analysed samples (50 %).
Positives

Acetylpromazine
3

5. Random research of poultry:

 

5.1. Hormonal residues

 

No sample was positive on a total of 240 analysed samples.

 

5.2. Antibiotics:

 

20 samples were positive on a total of 673 analysed samples (3 %).

 

5.3.1. Chloramphenicol:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 223 analysed samples.

 

5.3.2. Florfenicol and Thiamphenicol:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 223 analysed samples.

 

5.4. Nitrofurane:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 101 analysed samples.

 

5.5. Romidazole-Nimetridazole:

 

One sample was positive on a total of 147 analysed samples (metronidazol). That positive sample was from a chicken.

 

5.6. Acetylsalicylacide:

 

One sample was positive on a total of 74 analysed samples

 

5.7. Coccidiostatics:

 

One sample was positive for monensin on a total of 139 analysed samples. That positive sample was from a chicken.

 

5.8. Beta-agonists:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 222 analysed samples.

 

5.9. Anti-hormonal residues:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 50 analysed samples.

 

5.10. Anthelmintics

 

No sample was positive on a total of 110 analysed samples.

 

 

6. Livestock breeding companies:

 

6.1. Targeted research for substances with hormonal, -adrenergic or

production stimulating action

 

Species

Companies

Positive companies

Samples

Positives samples

Positives

Animals destroyed

Cattle

13

1

97

3*

3 %

0

Pig

2

0

39

0

0

0
* 3 samples were positive for compounds with corticosteroid action.

 

Hormonal residues: products found

Products

Amount

Dexamethasone

3

 

7. Aquaculture:

 

7.1 Random research

 

7.1.1. Hormonal residues

 

No sample was positive on a total of 53 analysed samples.

 

7.1.2. Antibiotics:

 

3 samples were positive on a total of 177 analysed samples (flumequine).

 

7.1.3.1. Chloramphenicol:

 

Two samples were positive on a total of 73 analysed samples.

 

7.1.3.2. Florfenicol and Thiamphenicol:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 73 analysed samples.

 

7.1.4. Nitrofurane:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 53 analysed samples.

 

7.1.5. Quinolones:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 61 analysed samples.

 

7.1.6. Anthelmintics:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 10 analysed samples.

 

7.1.7. Malachite green:

 

22 samples were positive on a total of 100 analysed samples.

 

7.1.8. Beta-agonists:

 

No sample was positive on a total of 53 analysed samples.

 

[Monitoring Programs]