STANDARDIZATION OF HORMONE AND VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy.
Standards for Foodproducts.

Monitoring programs: data obtained from the Annual Report of the Institute of Veterinary Inspection (Belgium) for 1996.

Monitoring Programs 1996

1. Hormonal residues

1.1. Random research* at slaughterhouses:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Amount	Positives
Cattle	1 706	Urine-TLC Urine-IA Fat Faeces-TLC Injection site Milk Meat Bile	58 304 418 776 20 85 45 0	1 0 2 2 0 2 0 0
Calf	8 (IEV)	Urine-TLC Fat Faeces-TLC	1 5 2	0 0 0
Calf	210 (BCV)	Urine-TLC Fat Faeces-TLC	32 166 12	0 0 0
Pigs	9	Urine-TLC Fat Faeces-TLC	3 2 4	0 0 0
Sheep	5	Urine-TLC Fat	3 2	0 0

IA = Immunoassay; TLC = Thin Layer Chromatography

* in the random research carcasses are chosen at random and not confiscated

Hormonal residues: products found

Products	Cattle	Calf	Pigs
Methylboldenone	1	0	0
Stanozolol	1	0	0
Fluoxymestrone	1	0	0
Norethandrolone	5	0	0
Norgestrel	1	0	0
Ethinylestradiol	1	0	0

1.2. Directed control* at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

5 574

Urine-TLC

Fat

Faeces

Injection site

1 225

2 913

1 429

201

Calf

Urine-TLC

Fat

Faeces

Injection site

* In the directed control suspected carcasses are analysed and confiscated awaiting the result of the analysis

Hormonal residues: products found

Products	Amount
Testosterone	150
Progesterone	124
20-beta-hydroxyprogesterone	98
Oestradiol	93
Stanozolol	89
Ethylestrenol	31
Norethandrolone	30
Methylboldenone	11
Chlortestosterone acetate	6
Delmadinone acetate	4
Acetoxyprogesterone	4
Methyltestosterone	2
Norgestrel	1
Chlortestosterone acetate metabolite	1
Ethinylestradiol	1
Beclomethasone	4
Fluorometholone	1

Evolution

Year	Amount	Positives	% positives
1988	4 164	484	12
1989	2 874	469	16
1990	3 120	934	30
1991	5 719	686	12
1992	4 497	490	11
1993	3 065	230	7.5
1994	3 003	309	10.3
1995	5 196	161	3.1
1996	5 574	208	3.7

2. ß-Agonists or Corticosteroids residues

2.1. Random research at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

784

Urine-IA

Liver-IA

Eye

210

538

Calf

79 (IEV)

Liver-IA

Eye

Calf

180 (BCV)

Beta-ago

70 (BCV)

Cortico

Urine-TLC

Liver-IA

Faeces-IA

Urine-IA

Liver-IA

Faeces-IA

166

Pigs

701

Urine-IA

Liver-IA

691

Sheep

Urine-IA

Liver-IA

Residues: products found

Products	Cattle	Calf	Pigs
Clenbuterol	1	0	1
Dexamethasone	30	0	0

3. Anti-Hormonal residues

3.1. Random research at slaughterhouses:

Species	Amount	Positives
Cattle	244	0
Calf	16 (IEV)	0
	17 (BCV)	0
Pigs	148	0
Sheep	0	0
Horses	0	0

3.2. Directed control at slaughterhouses:

Species	Amount	Positives
Cattle	0	0
Calf	0	0

4. Non-Hormonal residues

4.1. Random research at slaugtherhouses:

4.1.1. Antibiotics:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Amount	Positives
Cattle	887	Kidney	32	3.6
Calf	1 000	Kidney	11	1.1
Pigs	10 668	Kidney	261	2.4
Sheep	132	Kidney	8	6
Horses	18	Kidney	1	5.6

Evolution

1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
7.3 %	15.3 %	15.3 %	2.0 %	2.4 %

4.1.2. Sulfonamides:

1 sample was positive on a total of 299 analysed samples. That sample was from a pig.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	302	301	301	288	299
Positives	4	5	7	9	1

4.1.3. Chloramphenicol:

1 sample was positive on a total of 303 analysed samples. That positive sample was from a pig.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	4 782	2 351	302	279	303
Positives	12	0	1	11	1

4.1.4. Oxfendazole-Fenbendazole:

On a total of 99 analysed samples, none were positive.

	1995	1996
Samples	99	99
Positives	0	0

4.1.5. Ivermectine:

No samples were positive on a total of 100 analysed samples.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	101	100	97	100	100
Positives	0	0	0	0	0

4.1.6. Tranquillizers:

9 samples were positive on a total of 301 analysed samples. These positive samples were all from pigs.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	100	100	300	288	301
Positives	2	6	6	17	9

4.1.7. Beta-blocker: carazolol

No samples were positive on a total of 301 analysed samples.

4.1.8. Beta-agonists:

Clenbuterol

No samples were positive on a total of 298 analysed samples.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	291	243	319	290	298
Positives	9	7	3	0	0

Mabuterol

1 sample was positive on a total of 298 analysed samples. That positive sample was from cattle.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	291	220	319	290	298
Positives	9	1	1	0	1

Salbutamol

No samples were positive on a total of 298 analysed samples.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
Samples	288	268	319	290	298
Positives	13	8	0	0	0

Clenproperol

No samples were positive on a total of 298 analysed samples.

	1994	1995	1996
Samples	319	290	298
Positives	3	0	0

Cimaterol

On a total of 298 analysed samples, none were positive.

	1995	1996
Samples	290	298
Positives	2	0

4.2. Directed control at slaughterhouses:

4.2.1. Antibiotics:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Amount	Positives
Cattle	9 354	Kidney	799	8.5
Calf	1 350	Kidney	237	17.6
Pigs	15 833	Kidney	593	3.7
Sheep	26	Kidney	12	46.2
Horses	295	Kidney	39	13.2

Evolution

1992	1993	1994	1995	1996
4.7 %	4.2 %	4.2 %	5.1 %	6.2 %

5. Random research of poultry:

5.1. Hormonal residues

No samples were positive on a total of 72 analysed samples.

5.2. Antibiotics:

1 sample was positive on a total of 180 analysed samples. That positive sample was from a chicken.

5.3. Chloramphenicol:

No samples were positive on a total of 45 analysed samples.

5.4. Nitrofurane:

No samples were positive on a total of 47 analysed samples.

5.5. Romidazole-Nimetridazole:

No samples were positive on a total of 45 analysed samples.

5.6. Flubendazole:

No samples were positive on a total of 60 analysed samples.

5.7. Coccidiostatics:

No samples were positive on a total of 60 analysed samples.

5.8. Beta-agonists:

No samples were positive on a total of 127 analysed samples.

6. Livestock breeding companies:

6.1. Directed control for substances wtih hormonal, -adrenergic or

production stimulating action

Species	Companies	Positive companies	Samples	Positives samples	% Positives	Animals destroyed
Cattle	35	5	751	48*	6.4	22
Calf	1	0	24	0	0	0

* 22 samples were positive for forbidden compounds with oestrogenic, androgenic and gestagenic action and these animals were destroyed, 26 other samples were positive for compounds with -adrenergic and/or corticosteroid action.

Hormonal residues: products found

Products	Amount
Testosterone	16
Progesterone	9
20-beta-hydroxyprogesterone	2
Stanozolol	14
Norethandrolone	3
Dexamethasone	23
Prednisolone	3

[Monitoring Programs]

STANDARDIZATION OF HORMONE AND VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy. Standards for Foodproducts.

Monitoring Programs 1996

1. Hormonal residues

1.1. Random research* at slaughterhouses:

1.2. Directed control* at slaughterhouses:

2. ß-Agonists or Corticosteroids residues

2.1. Random research at slaughterhouses:

3. Anti-Hormonal residues

3.1. Random research at slaughterhouses:

3.2. Directed control at slaughterhouses:

4. Non-Hormonal residues

4.1. Random research at slaugtherhouses:

4.2. Directed control at slaughterhouses:

5. Random research of poultry:

5.1. Hormonal residues

5.2. Antibiotics:

5.3. Chloramphenicol:

5.4. Nitrofurane:

5.5. Romidazole-Nimetridazole:

5.6. Flubendazole:

5.7. Coccidiostatics:

5.8. Beta-agonists:

6. Livestock breeding companies:

6.1. Directed control for substances wtih hormonal, -adrenergic or

production stimulating action

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy.
Standards for Foodproducts.