STANDARDIZATION OF HORMONE AND VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy.
Standards for Foodproducts.

Monitoring programs: data obtained from the Annual Report of the Institute of Veterinary Inspection (Belgium) for 1997.

Monitoring Programs 1997

1. Hormonal residues

1.1. Random research* at slaughterhouses:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Amount	Positives
Cattle	692	Urine-TLC Urine-IA Fat Faeces-TLC Injection site Milk Meat Skin	55 3 237 270 37 9 39 42	0 0 2 3 0 0 0 1
Calf	189 (IEV)	Fat Faeces-TLC	107 82	0 0
Calf	410 (BCV)	Urine-TLC Fat Faeces-TLC	40 328 42	0 0 0
Pigs	349	Urine-TLC Fat Faeces-TLC	342 3 4	0 0 0
Horses	14	Fat	14	0

IA = Immunoassay; TLC = Thin Layer Chromatography

* in the random research carcasses are chosen at random (Directive 96/23/EC) and not confiscated

Hormonal residues: products found

Products	Cattle
Methylboldenone	1
Methyltestosterone	2
Fluoxymestrone	1
Medroxyprogesterone acetate	2
Progesterone	1

1.2. Directed control* at slaughterhouses:

Species

Samples

Sample type

Amount

Positives

Cattle

4 092

Urine-TLC

Fat

Faeces

Injection site

Liver

940

2 071

1 011

Calf

101

Urine-TLC

Fat

Faeces

* In the directed control suspected carcasses are analysed and confiscated awaiting the result of the analysis

Hormonal residues: products found

Products	Amount
Testosterone	20
Progesterone	13
Trenbolone acetate	1
Oestradiol	20
Stanozolol	19
Ethylestrenol	8
Norethandrolone	5
Methylboldenone	13
Chlortestosterone acetate	5
Nortestosterone	1
Acetoxyprogesterone	1
Methyltestosterone	8
Medroxyprogesterone	1
Chlortestosterone acetate metabolite	5

Evolution

Year	Amount	Positives	% positives
1988	4 164	484	12
1989	2 874	469	16
1990	3 120	934	30
1991	5 719	686	12
1992	4 497	490	11
1993	3 065	230	7.5
1994	3 003	309	10.3
1995	5 196	161	3.1
1996	5 574	208	3.7
1997	4 092	35	0.9

2. ß-Agonists or Corticosteroids residues

2.1. Random research of ß-agonists at slaughterhouses:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Amount	Positives
Cattle	125	Liver-IA	125	0
Calf	5 (IEV)	Liver-IA	5	0
Calf	340 (BCV)	Urine-IA Liver-IA Faeces-IA	41 260 39	0 0 0
Pigs	1 406	Liver-IA	1406	0
Sheep	10	Liver-IA	10	0

2.2. Random research of corticosteroids at slaughterhouses:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Amount	Positives
Cattle	515	Liver-IA	515	15
Calf	340 (BCV)	Urine-IA Liver-IA Faeces-IA	36 29 34	0 0 0
Pigs	107	Liver-IA	107	0

Residues: products found

Products	Cattle
Dexamethasone	15

3. Anti-Hormonal residues

3.1. Random research at slaughterhouses:

Species	Amount	Positives
Cattle	122	0
Calf	1 (IEV)	0
Calf	72 (BCV)	0
Pigs	148	0

4. Non-Hormonal residues

4.1. Random research at slaugtherhouses:

4.1.1. Antibiotics:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Positives	Positives %
Cattle	400	Kidney	7	2.4
Calf	1 227	Kidney	10	1.1
Pigs	2 604	Kidney	66	2.5
Sheep	30	Kidney	0	0

Evolution

1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
7.3 %	15.3 %	15.3 %	2.0 %	2.4 %	1.9 %

4.1.2. Sulfonamides:

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
Samples	302	301	301	288	299	102
Positives	4	5	7	9	1	0

4.1.3. Chloramphenicol:

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
Samples	4 782	2 351	302	279	303	235
Positives	12	0	1	11	1	0

4.1.4. Oxfendazole-Fenbendazole:

	1995	1996	1997
Samples	99	99	242
Positives	0	0	0

4.1.5. Tranquillizers:

25 samples were positive on a total of 341 analysed samples. These positive samples were all from pigs.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
Samples	100	100	300	288	301	341
Positives	2	6	6	17	9	25

4.1.6. Beta-blocker: carazolol

6 samples were positive on a total of 192 analysed samples. These positive samples were all from pigs.

	1996	1997
Samples	301	192
Positives	0	0

4.1.7. Fenylbutazone:

No samples were positive on a total of 52 analysed samples.

4.1.8. Acetylsalicylacide:

No samples were positive on a total of 111 analysed samples.

4.1.9. Nitrofuranes:

No samples were positive on a total of 234 analysed samples.

4.1.10. Dimetridazole - Ronidazole:

1 sample was positive on a total of 103 analysed samples. That positive sample was from a pig.

4.2. Directed control at slaughterhouses:

4.2.1. Antibiotics:

Species	Samples	Sample type	Positives	Positives
Cattle	8 992	Kidney	788	8.8 %
Calf	1 375	Kidney	169	12.3 %
Pigs	7 038	Kidney	196	2.8 %
Sheep	27	Kidney	0	0.0 %
Horses	299	Kidney	33	11 %

Evolution

1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
4.7 %	4.2 %	4.2 %	5.1 %	6.2 %	6.7 %

5. Random research of poultry:

5.1. Hormonal residues

No samples were positive on a total of 120 analysed samples.

5.2. Antibiotics:

16 samples were positive on a total of 450 analysed samples.

5.3. Chloramphenicol:

No samples were positive on a total of 87 analysed samples.

5.4. Nitrofurane:

No samples were positive on a total of 94 analysed samples.

5.5. Romidazole-Nimetridazole:

No samples were positive on a total of 86 analysed samples.

5.6. Acetylsalicylacide:

No samples were positive on a total of 30 analysed samples.

5.7. Coccidiostatics:

8 samples were positive on a total of 145 analysed samples.

5.8. Beta-agonists:

No samples were positive on a total of 182 analysed samples.

5.9. Beta-agonists:

No samples were positive on a total of 30 analysed samples.

6. Livestock breeding companies:

6.1. Directed control for substances with hormonal, -adrenergic or

production stimulating action

Species	Companies	Positive companies	Samples	Positives samples	Positives (%)	Animals destroyed
Cattle	54	16	2472	261*	10.6	123
Calf	4	0	59	0	0	0

* 118 samples were positive for forbidden compounds with oestrogenic, androgenic and gestagenic action and these animals were destroyed, 138 samples were positive for compounds with -adrenergic and/or corticosteroid action and 5 samples were positive for compounds with -adrenergic and/or corticosteroid action and for forbidden compounds with oestrogenic, androgenic and gestagenic action and these animals were destroyed.

Sample types	Positives
Urine	70
Faeces	134
Skin	57

Hormonal residues: products found

Products	Amount
Chlortestosterone acetate metabolite	35
Progesterone	56
Ethinylestradiol	5
Stanozolol	1
Norethandrolone	21
Methyltestosterone	1
Ethylestrenol	1
Methylboldenone	33
Estradiolbenzoate	2
Chlortestosterone acetate	1
Dexamethasone
Betamethasone	1

Evolution

[Monitoring Programs]

STANDARDIZATION OF HORMONE AND VETERINARY DRUG RESIDUE ANALYSIS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy. Standards for Foodproducts.

Monitoring Programs 1997

1. Hormonal residues

1.1. Random research* at slaughterhouses:

1.2. Directed control* at slaughterhouses:

2. ß-Agonists or Corticosteroids residues

2.1. Random research of ß-agonists at slaughterhouses:

2.2. Random research of corticosteroids at slaughterhouses:

3. Anti-Hormonal residues

3.1. Random research at slaughterhouses:

4. Non-Hormonal residues

4.1. Random research at slaugtherhouses:

4.2. Directed control at slaughterhouses:

5. Random research of poultry:

5.1. Hormonal residues

5.2. Antibiotics:

5.3. Chloramphenicol:

5.4. Nitrofurane:

5.5. Romidazole-Nimetridazole:

5.6. Acetylsalicylacide:

5.7. Coccidiostatics:

5.8. Beta-agonists:

5.9. Beta-agonists:

6. Livestock breeding companies:

6.1. Directed control for substances with hormonal, -adrenergic or

production stimulating action

Scientific Support Plan for a Sustainable Development Policy.
Standards for Foodproducts.